Temperature-Pulse Relationship

I've always wanted to know, the values used to determine relative bradycardia in a patient. Thankfully, I was able to encounter one article that points to a approximation. I encountered the table while I was reading on atypical pneumonias (so don't be surprised if you might be reading about it).

Temperature-Pulse Relationships (temperature and corresponding pulse [beats/min])

Appropriate Pulse Relative Bradycardia

41.1°C/106°F = 150/min <140/min

40.6°C/105°F = 140/min <130/min

40.0°C/104°F = 130/min <120/min

39.5°C/103°F = 120/min <110/min

38.9°C/102°F = 110/min <100/min

Full article here.

Good luck in the pulmonology exams Batch 2009-2013!

Videos:The Pulmonary Systerm and Bohr Effect

Here are two videos, I stumbled upon while doing my self-directed learning. I wish to share this with you guys.

This video shows pulmonary system including the lungs, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and thoracic diaphragm.




This video has a great discussion on the Bohr Effect.




Credits goes to the uploader.

What is the P2?

To understand the P2 sound, we must first be acquainted with the second heart sound.

What is the second heart sound?

The second heart sound (S2) is a short burst of auditory vibrations of varying intensity, frequency, quality, and duration. It has two audible components, the aortic closure sound (A2) and the pulmonic closure sound (P2), which are normally split on inspiration and virtually single on expiration. S2 is produced in part by hemodynamic events immediately following closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves.

Reference: The Second Heart Sound. Retrieved:August 14, 2010. website:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=cm&part=A696

by: Ellery

Video: Information regarding COPD

Stumbled upon a video discussing COPD. This video offers information regarding COPD. Credits goes to the uploader.

How do you measure an anatomic dead space?

Firstly, what is an anatomic dead space?

The anatomic dead space is the volume of the conducting airways. The normal value is in the range of 130 to 180 mL and depends on the size and posture of the subject (Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, 4th ed).

The normal dead space air in a young adult man is about 150 mL (Guyton and Hall, Textbook of Medical Physiology, 11th Ed.).

A difficulty with this method is that the anatomic dead space is not easy to measure, although a value for it can be assumed with little error. One milliliter per pound of body weight is a common assumption. (Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, 4th ed).


by: Ellery Ivan

What is Elastin

New Study on Gardasil Further Elucidates on HPV Protection

A study with the aim of evaluating the prophylactic efficacy of the human pappilomavirus (HPV) quadrivalent vaccine in preventing low grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasias and anogenital warts wwas sponsored by Research Laboratories, a division of Merck and Company, maker of the vaccine Gardasil.

It was concluded that the vaccine Gardasil did provide a sustained protection against low grade lesions attributable to HPV types 6,11,16 and 18. There was also a substantial reduction in the burden of diseases through 42 months of follow-up.

For more information please read here:

http://www.drugs.com/news/new-study-finds-hpv-vaccine-protects-against-genital-warts-25661.html

http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/341/jul20_1/c3493

*Disclaimer: Tinglan2013 does not endorse that said product. We merely want to share information we found over the net.

What are peritoneal signs?

This question bugged me for a few hours. I tried searching over stedman's dictionary to no avail. I wanted to know what it was exactly so I could fully understand the article I was reading regarding abdominal pain. At first, I wanted to simply SMS a friend to help me elucidate on the matter. It was then that I realized that I should just search it over the internet and blog about it later (at least we get a new entry at the same time).

To cut the long story short, what exactly are the peritoneal signs?

Answer:

Pain is a symptom described by a patient; tenderness is the response to being touched. Two signs, called peritoneal signs, suggest that the lining of the abdomen is inflamed and surgery may be needed: rebound tenderness and guarding. Rebound tenderness is when the doctor presses on a part of the abdomen and the patient feels more tenderness when the pressure is released than when it is applied. Guarding refers to the tensing of muscles in response to touch.

reference:

http://heartburn.about.com/od/otherdigestivedisorder1/a/appendicitis_2.htm


Additional reads:

http://www.chacha.com/question/what-are-peritoneal-signs

http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/appendicitis/

http://www.meditec.com/abdominal-examination/


by:

Ellery Ivan Apolinario