Video: Development of the Heart

This one is quite old but very helpful. Enjoy!!!





shared by: Ellery

Trivia on Percussion

The following are probably only found in the history books but this is still interesting for me. I wish to share it with you guys.

In 1761, Leopold Auenbrugger, a Viennese physician, published a book proposing "percussion of the human thorax, whereby, according to the character of the particular sounds thence elicited, an opinion is formed of the internal state of that cavity."² He had observed his father, an innkeeper, use this technique to check the wine levels in his casks. Although his discovery was initially ignored, percussion was reintroduced by Jean-Nicolas Corvisart in early 19th-century France, and became an essential addition to the chest examination until it was mostly supplanted by the chest x-ray.

Reference:

Fuster, V., Walsh, R. A., O'Rourke, R. A., & Poole-Wilson, P. (2008). Hurst's The Heart, 12th ed. The McGraw-Hill Companies.

Temperature-Pulse Relationship

I've always wanted to know, the values used to determine relative bradycardia in a patient. Thankfully, I was able to encounter one article that points to a approximation. I encountered the table while I was reading on atypical pneumonias (so don't be surprised if you might be reading about it).

Temperature-Pulse Relationships (temperature and corresponding pulse [beats/min])

Appropriate Pulse Relative Bradycardia

41.1°C/106°F = 150/min <140/min

40.6°C/105°F = 140/min <130/min

40.0°C/104°F = 130/min <120/min

39.5°C/103°F = 120/min <110/min

38.9°C/102°F = 110/min <100/min

Full article here.

Good luck in the pulmonology exams Batch 2009-2013!

Videos:The Pulmonary Systerm and Bohr Effect

Here are two videos, I stumbled upon while doing my self-directed learning. I wish to share this with you guys.

This video shows pulmonary system including the lungs, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and thoracic diaphragm.




This video has a great discussion on the Bohr Effect.




Credits goes to the uploader.

What is the P2?

To understand the P2 sound, we must first be acquainted with the second heart sound.

What is the second heart sound?

The second heart sound (S2) is a short burst of auditory vibrations of varying intensity, frequency, quality, and duration. It has two audible components, the aortic closure sound (A2) and the pulmonic closure sound (P2), which are normally split on inspiration and virtually single on expiration. S2 is produced in part by hemodynamic events immediately following closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves.

Reference: The Second Heart Sound. Retrieved:August 14, 2010. website:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=cm&part=A696

by: Ellery

Video: Information regarding COPD

Stumbled upon a video discussing COPD. This video offers information regarding COPD. Credits goes to the uploader.

What are peritoneal signs?

This question bugged me for a few hours. I tried searching over stedman's dictionary to no avail. I wanted to know what it was exactly so I could fully understand the article I was reading regarding abdominal pain. At first, I wanted to simply SMS a friend to help me elucidate on the matter. It was then that I realized that I should just search it over the internet and blog about it later (at least we get a new entry at the same time).

To cut the long story short, what exactly are the peritoneal signs?

Answer:

Pain is a symptom described by a patient; tenderness is the response to being touched. Two signs, called peritoneal signs, suggest that the lining of the abdomen is inflamed and surgery may be needed: rebound tenderness and guarding. Rebound tenderness is when the doctor presses on a part of the abdomen and the patient feels more tenderness when the pressure is released than when it is applied. Guarding refers to the tensing of muscles in response to touch.

reference:

http://heartburn.about.com/od/otherdigestivedisorder1/a/appendicitis_2.htm


Additional reads:

http://www.chacha.com/question/what-are-peritoneal-signs

http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/appendicitis/

http://www.meditec.com/abdominal-examination/


by:

Ellery Ivan Apolinario